Smoke Extraction/Smoke Control

Smoke control is defined as a mechanical or natural, static or dynamic system ensuring the effective evacuation of smoke to the exterior of a burning building. The purpose of smoke control, at the beginning of a fire, is to extract a portion of smoke and combustion gases from premises to keep evacuation routes usable for the public. This evacuation is ensured by sufficient incoming and outgoing airflow rates to remove smoke while maintaining a certain stratification.

(Excerpt from the Practical Treatise on Fire Safety - 13th edition)

Mechanical smoke control involves extracting toxic fumes contained within the building using fans and mechanical ventilation systems integrated into the establishment. These devices are found in large buildings such as shopping centers, underground car parks, or airports.

 In contrast to mechanical systems, natural smoke control systems rely on the use of natural means such as windows, doors, and skylights. Their installation is observed in small buildings (like schools) where the building's capacity does not allow for the integration of mechanical smoke control systems. 

A static smoke control system is closely linked to natural smoke control. It uses passive means to extract smoke stored in the building. This smoke control system can take the form of natural openings such as windows or skylights. Smoke extraction ducts also fall under static smoke control. They assist in smoke evacuation through vents or grilles. During a fire, a temperature difference is created between the inside and outside of the building. The phenomenon of smoke evacuation by convection is called the thermal draft effect. As hot air is less dense, smoke will rise to the top of the building and exit through the smoke control openings. 

Dynamic smoke control relies on smoke evacuation via a motorized ventilation system. This smoke control system allows for rapid extraction of smoke contained within the building. Equipment can take the form of mechanical fans or assisted mechanical smoke control systems. Assisted mechanical smoke control systems combines natural and mechanical smoke control systems to accelerate smoke evacuation by fans towards natural smoke control equipment. Smoke and heat detectors are also dynamic smoke control systems that allow for rapid and automatic action at the start of a fire. Finally, these dynamic smoke control systems can be controlled by a Fire Safety Control Panel.

Our engineers provide fire safety engineering and fire resistance testing for smoke dampers and vents. 

To facilitate the implementation of your smoke control installations, we offer Owner's Representative Assistance services during the design, construction, renovation, or operational phases.  

Over 2,000 service certifications for installation and/or maintenance and/or verification have been issued by CNPP Cert. to companies for the services they provide, including those related to natural smoke control systems.